Add 2019 Problems
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2019/day24/problem
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2019/day24/problem
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Advent of Code
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--- Day 24: Planet of Discord ---
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You land on Eris, your last stop before reaching Santa. As soon as you do, your sensors start picking up strange life forms
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moving around: Eris is infested with bugs! With an over 24-hour roundtrip for messages between you and Earth, you'll have to
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deal with this problem on your own.
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Eris isn't a very large place; a scan of the entire area fits into a 5x5 grid (your puzzle input). The scan shows bugs (#)
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and empty spaces (.).
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Each minute, The bugs live and die based on the number of bugs in the four adjacent tiles:
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• A bug dies (becoming an empty space) unless there is exactly one bug adjacent to it.
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• An empty space becomes infested with a bug if exactly one or two bugs are adjacent to it.
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Otherwise, a bug or empty space remains the same. (Tiles on the edges of the grid have fewer than four adjacent tiles; the
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missing tiles count as empty space.) This process happens in every location simultaneously; that is, within the same minute,
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the number of adjacent bugs is counted for every tile first, and then the tiles are updated.
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Here are the first few minutes of an example scenario:
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Initial state:
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....#
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#..#.
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#..##
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..#..
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#....
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After 1 minute:
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#..#.
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####.
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###.#
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##.##
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.##..
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After 2 minutes:
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#####
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....#
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....#
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...#.
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#.###
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After 3 minutes:
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#....
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####.
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...##
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#.##.
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.##.#
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After 4 minutes:
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####.
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....#
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##..#
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.....
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##...
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To understand the nature of the bugs, watch for the first time a layout of bugs and empty spaces matches any previous layout.
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In the example above, the first layout to appear twice is:
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.....
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.....
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.....
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#....
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.#...
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To calculate the biodiversity rating for this layout, consider each tile left-to-right in the top row, then left-to-right in
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the second row, and so on. Each of these tiles is worth biodiversity points equal to increasing powers of two: 1, 2, 4, 8,
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16, 32, and so on. Add up the biodiversity points for tiles with bugs; in this example, the 16th tile (32768 points) and 22nd
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tile (2097152 points) have bugs, a total biodiversity rating of 2129920.
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What is the biodiversity rating for the first layout that appears twice?
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Your puzzle answer was 17321586.
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--- Part Two ---
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After careful analysis, one thing is certain: you have no idea where all these bugs are coming from.
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Then, you remember: Eris is an old Plutonian settlement! Clearly, the bugs are coming from recursively-folded space.
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This 5x5 grid is only one level in an infinite number of recursion levels. The tile in the middle of the grid is actually
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another 5x5 grid, the grid in your scan is contained as the middle tile of a larger 5x5 grid, and so on. Two levels of grids
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look like this:
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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| | | |?| | | |
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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(To save space, some of the tiles are not drawn to scale.) Remember, this is only a small part of the infinitely recursive
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grid; there is a 5x5 grid that contains this diagram, and a 5x5 grid that contains that one, and so on. Also, the ? in the
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diagram contains another 5x5 grid, which itself contains another 5x5 grid, and so on.
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The scan you took (your puzzle input) shows where the bugs are on a single level of this structure. The middle tile of your
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scan is empty to accommodate the recursive grids within it. Initially, no other levels contain bugs.
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Tiles still count as adjacent if they are directly up, down, left, or right of a given tile. Some tiles have adjacent tiles
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at a recursion level above or below its own level. For example:
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1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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| |A|B|C|D|E| |
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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| |F|G|H|I|J| |
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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11 | 12 |K|L|?|N|O| 14 | 15
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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| |P|Q|R|S|T| |
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| |-+-+-+-+-| |
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| |U|V|W|X|Y| |
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20
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-----+-----+---------+-----+-----
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21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25
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• Tile 19 has four adjacent tiles: 14, 18, 20, and 24.
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• Tile G has four adjacent tiles: B, F, H, and L.
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• Tile D has four adjacent tiles: 8, C, E, and I.
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• Tile E has four adjacent tiles: 8, D, 14, and J.
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• Tile 14 has eight adjacent tiles: 9, E, J, O, T, Y, 15, and 19.
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• Tile N has eight adjacent tiles: I, O, S, and five tiles within the sub-grid marked ?.
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The rules about bugs living and dying are the same as before.
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For example, consider the same initial state as above:
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....#
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#..#.
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#.?##
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..#..
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#....
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The center tile is drawn as ? to indicate the next recursive grid. Call this level 0; the grid within this one is level 1,
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and the grid that contains this one is level -1. Then, after ten minutes, the grid at each level would look like this:
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Depth -5:
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..#..
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.#.#.
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..?.#
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.#.#.
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..#..
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Depth -4:
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...#.
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...##
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..?..
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...##
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...#.
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Depth -3:
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#.#..
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.#...
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..?..
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.#...
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#.#..
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Depth -2:
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.#.##
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....#
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..?.#
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...##
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.###.
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Depth -1:
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#..##
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...##
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..?..
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...#.
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.####
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Depth 0:
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.#...
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.#.##
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.#?..
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.....
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.....
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Depth 1:
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.##..
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#..##
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..?.#
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##.##
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#####
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Depth 2:
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###..
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##.#.
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#.?..
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.#.##
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#.#..
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Depth 3:
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..###
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.....
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#.?..
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#....
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#...#
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Depth 4:
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.###.
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#..#.
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#.?..
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##.#.
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.....
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Depth 5:
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####.
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#..#.
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#.?#.
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####.
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.....
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In this example, after 10 minutes, a total of 99 bugs are present.
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Starting with your scan, how many bugs are present after 200 minutes?
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Your puzzle answer was 1921.
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Both parts of this puzzle are complete! They provide two gold stars: **
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At this point, all that is left is for you to admire your Advent calendar.
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If you still want to see it, you can get your puzzle input.
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References
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Visible links
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. https://adventofcode.com/
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/about
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/events
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/settings
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/auth/logout
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. Advent of Code Supporter
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https://adventofcode.com/2019/support
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/support
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/sponsors
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/leaderboard
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/stats
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/sponsors
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. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)
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. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/sep9/worlds-first-computer-bug/
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/20
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019
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. https://adventofcode.com/2019/day/24/input
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